Process for the manufacture of a cellulose product having the appearance of wool



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A. PELLERIN PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF A CELLULOSE PRODUCT HAVING THE APPEARANCE OF wooL Filed Feb. 12. 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

v nvvav r02 AUGUST/N ELLEe/N Arraems Y-S mm zv, 192s. 1,664,319

A. PELLERIN PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF A CELLULOSE' PRODUCT HAVING THE APPEARANCE 0F WOOL Filed Feb. 12. 1926 '2 Sheets-Sheet 2 i 7 lNl/ENT'OR 141/ usrnv. ELLER/N BY W - A TTOIZNEYS Patented Mar. 27, 19 28.

1 UNITED STATESPATENT AUGUSTIN rnnnnam, or 'rnonvrnna, ream-01a rnocnss ro'a 'rnn mnnnracruan or A cnnnunosn raonnorr HAVING. 'I'HE 'AIPIBEAB- ANGE or woon. a

Application filed February 12, 1926, Serial No. 87,998, and in France December 30, 1925.'

My invention has for its object a process for the manufacture of a cellulose product having the appearance of wool, or of wool yarn, such products may be formed into goods in the same manner as natural wool or wool yarn, and may have the same uses, either in the pure or the mixed state.

, According to my invention, I produce in 'the first place filaments in any suitable manner, for instance by coagulating, by their passage through a suitable bath," the filaments issuing from dies which are supplied with acellulose solution viscose or the like.

- In the known methods these filaments are subjected to a constant traction or stretching from their dischar from the bath until they have.ac uire a certain consistency,-i. e. until their molecular stability is assured, whereby they will maintain the uniform structure and brilliant aspect which is due to their setting in the state of tension. I

But in my said rocess, I interrupt the stretching of the aments nearly as soon as they'are discharged from the coagulating bath, and their speed is reduced, or their direction of travel is changed, so that they aresubjected to a. certain contraction and thus assume a crepe-like or crisped form resembling that of natural wool. Their setting or solidification will then be completed without tension so as to leave this molecular structure unchan d. e

In a preferredmethod, the filaments which are. drawn out *of the coagulating bath are turned back upon themse ves by abruptly changing the direction of their motion, and

preferably by an obstacle placed in theirpath.

7 According to one embodiment of the invention, the set of filaments or the thread issuing from the bath is drawn upon a drum to which it adheres by reason of its humidity ,and which serves to draw it'out. A suitably disposed knife or scraper serves to remove the yarn from the surface of the drum and allows it to fall upon a' second drum or like entrainin device, rotating .at a slower speed, which draws forward the thread without stretching it, thus leaving it in thecrapeto like or crisped state which it assumed by reason of the slow' speed and th'e change in direction.

The appended drawings show byway of machines such examplea plant wherein my said process'is earned 1nto effect.

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of-the machine,

' and,

Fig. 2 is a front the plant. v My said plantfor the manufacture of artific1a wool comprises a set (usually ten) of as are shown in Fig. 1. 1 is the tank containing the'coagulating llguid and 2 the set of apparatus comprising d1es' or plates having a great number of cap1llar'y orifices and supplied with a. .cellulose. solution under pressure by the piping 3. The that it may be removed from the tank 1.

elevation of a part of set of apparatus is pivoted so The various filaments thus produced. are

drawn through an exit orifice 5 and are thus I brought together-in the form of continuous wool; The end of the tank 1 comprising the exlt orifice 5 is mounted upon a machine frame comprising the two cheeks 65 The machine which serves to transform the said artificial wool essentially comprises a drum 7 in continuous rotatiop which is driven by a pinion 8 keyed to its shaft. Said pinion is driven by a chain 9 and a pinion10 keyed to the shaft 11 which carries the actuating pulley 12 andthe loose pulle 13. The shaft 11 is driven by a belt whi can be shifted upon one of the pulleys 12 or 13 by suitable belt controlling means, not

shown, while at the same time remaining upon the drum 14 which is keyed to the transmission shaft 15; this latter is driven' I by means of a progressive speed changing device, not shown.

The shaft 11' carries a drum 16, and the. 7 diameters of the drums '7 and 16 and of the v pinions 8 and 10are so chosen that the pe-- riphe speed of the drum 16 shall be less than t at of the drum 7 Imay employ for.

instance a periphery speed of meters per minutepfor the drum 7 and 40 meters for the drum 16.

A member-17 forming-a guide and secured to the cheeks 6=is disposed at thelower are of the. drum 7 for purposes which wil be hereinafter set forth, vas'well as the use of the pivoted blade 18 which is urged against the drum by the spring 19. The drum rotates in the direction of the arrow. The

blade 18 is mounted rearwardly of the meinber 17 and above the latter.

' the shaft of the j A third drum is driven by thedrum 7 through the medium of the chain 21 .and of two'pinions which are keyed respectivelly to drum 20 and to the s aft ofthe drum 7..

The operation is as follows:

7 -When the machine is started, the wool which is at first in' the irregular state and 4 issues from the orifice 5 is drum 2O about'which brought-upon the it is wound until it has become sufliciently; regular. At. this time it-is cut and is brought upon the drum 7, to which it-adheres by reason of its humidity and which draws it forward.

itv

:against, the drum 7, 'war'dly, and when .it is separated from At the point at which the bladef18- bears the wool moves. up-

drum by the said blade, it will abruptly change 1ts direction and will fall by its own 'wei ht. This effect of moving and change lrection is sufiicient to give the crisped form to the filaments and tothus give the- -duced speed relativel only draw forward t appearance,

whole mass the appearance of wool.

The latter drops upon the drum 16 which is placed at a short distance below the scraper 18 and which by reason of its'ree wool at a regular-- rate without producing a traction which would tend to destroy 1ts crisped or woolly for instance ten such 7 machines pl'aced side by side and suitably spaced apart to provide "for the proper access, the machines being mounted upon a platform 22 in which aredisposed the fun- I employ a group of nels 23, below the drums 16', in order to collect the masses of. wooL,

The latter are. guided in tubes secured to the said funnels, and proceed thence into the .fun'nels 24, in

.line with the first, then dropping upon the endless belt 25.

Thefsaid masses- -ten-in number in the I present case-'make u a'ea band which is drawn'forward by the" It 25 an'dis passed f between twodrymg rollers 26 which press I ficial silk, such as washing,

'it may be treate out any 1i uid mass or band which the wool may contain. This liqui f alls into a recipient'and can be used" again.

, The goods may i then be treated by "the usual complementary operations for artidrying and the like. w This will afiord a material which forms a new industrial product. a'nd'whic'h has the exact appearance of natural wool. The said may Abe cut into suitable lengths so that the artificial wool willbe' vadapted for all the operations of spinning -and weaving of naturalwool. Like artificial silk, the substance ca be dyed with-facility;

. Insteadof producing the'wool' in the e form of or a band, it maybe removedin .t

product for carding and to. the drum? will least one backward filaments forwardly ofthe backward.

at a;

d alone. or mix'ed'with natural wooloor like textile substances.

masses, as discharged fromthe funnels 23, and such masses may be employed for spinning purposes, after a suitable twisting if necessary.

Obviously, instead of manufacturing a spinnin each of the elements as discharged from 23 may be removed, and able twisting will .serve for the manufacture of fabrics, carpets or the like. My said product has a possessed by artificial silk.

the funnels these after a? sultgreat elasticity such as is not Obviously, the said invention is not limited to the construction hereinbefore set forth by way of example, and without departing from the spirit of the invention, I may modify the form, construction and arrangement of the several parts. stance, I may give one or several backward turns to the yarn after the one produced by the drum 7, whereby the crisped or woolly character of the yarn will be augmented. In like manner, as above stated, the changes in speed and direction necessary to obtain this woolly character may be obtained by other means than those described. s

The drum; 16 serves solely to draw the material by adherence in .a regular manner For infar as the point where they are p thus described my process and v 1. Process for the manufacture ofa cellui lose product having I in starting from cellulose from a coa moving s'ur ace, filaments'to a backward turning u on, the' said mo'vin undulated' ormjanalogous'to that of. natural wool; w

lose product having the ap arance of .m starting from cellulose laments issuing frorn-a "co lating-bath by adherence to a moving sur ace, consisting in subjecting the said. filaments upon the said surface toat turning'so as to give us. to that the said turning low tension so as not to destroy their undulated character. 7 I v 3. Process for the manufacture of a .cellulose producthaving ural wool,'coqs 1sting them. an, undulated form analo of natural wool, and in drawmg producing cellulose the appearance of wool filaments issuing lating'bath by adherence to a consisting in subjectingithe surface so as to-glvet em an,

the appearance of nat- ,I V

. .p 115 I 2. Process-for the manufacture of a celluwool filaments by drawing a solution of cellulose through a coagulating bath, this drawing being obtained by a tension exerted upon the filaments, in subjecting the filaments issuing from the coagulating bath, at a point where their molecular stability will be complete, to

a suppression of the said tension and at the same moment in subjecting them to a sudden backward turning which will cause them to be longitudinally turned back upon themselves, this change in the tension having for effect to give to the filaments an undulated character and a dull appearance analogous tothe character and the appearance of natural wool, the filaments being subsequently washed, purified and dried.

4. Process for the manufacture of a cellulose pr oduc t having the appearance of wool conslstlng 1n producing cellulose filaments by drawing a solution of cellulose; through 20 I a coa ulatmg bath, this drawing being obtainetf drawing moving, surface to which a high speed isimparted, in causing the filaments by adherence of the filaments to a ing without being subjected to a tension which would risk to destroy the said character, then in washing, purifying and drying them.

afiixed my signature. A

AUGUSTIN PELLERIN.

U I 35 In testimony whereof I have hereunto V 

